油浸式变压器的火灾危险性
Fire hazard of oil immersed transformer
油浸式变压器主要由铁芯、线圈、油箱、散热器、绝缘套管、防爆管（安全气道）、油压表以及吸湿器等构件组成。其内部的绝缘衬垫和支架，大多使用纸板、棉纱、布、木料等可燃物；并有大量的起到绝缘、冷却、散热作用的绝缘油（40Mva容量的变压器充油量约为20吨，120Mva容量的变压器充油量约为40吨，800Mva容量的变压器充油量约为120吨）。一旦箱体内发生短路、过载等故障，此时如果继电保护装置未能准确及时地动作，箱体内的温度将极速上升，造成受热被气化的变压器油的体积也随之极速膨胀，当达到箱体所能承受压力的临界点时，被气化的变压器油将从箱体的最薄弱处喷出，变压器爆炸、燃烧。同时，燃烧的流淌油火又将进一步扩大火灾的危害，造成巨大的经济损失甚至人员伤亡事故。
The oil immersed transformer is mainly composed of iron core, coil, oil tank, radiator, insulation casing, explosion-proof tube (safety airway), oil pressure meter and hygrometer. The internal insulation liner and support mostly use combustibles such as cardboard, cotton yarn, cloth and wood, and a large number of insulating, cooling and heat dissipating oil (40Mva capacity transformer oil filling amount is about 20 tons, 120Mva capacity transformer oil filling amount is about 40 tons, 800Mva capacity transformer oil filling amount is about 120 tons). In case of short circuit, overload and other faults in the box, if the relay protection device fails to move accurately and in time, the temperature in the box will rise rapidly, and the volume of the transformer oil which is heated to be vaporized will also expand rapidly. When the critical point of the tank can bear pressure, the transformer oil that is gasified will be ejected from the weakest part of the box, the transformer explode and burning. . Meanwhile, the burning of oil fires will further expand the harm of fire, causing huge economic losses and even casualties.