南阳空调诚信维修

一、二氧化碳灭火器灭火原理和使用方法.

Fire extinguishing principle and operation method of carbon dioxide fire extinguisher

二氧化碳灭火剂是一种具有一百多年历史的灭火剂，价格低廉，获取、制备容易，其主要依*窒息作用和部分冷却作用灭火。二氧化碳具有较高的密度，约为空气的1.5倍。在常压下，液态的二氧化碳会立即汽化，一般1kg的液态二氧化碳可产生约0.5立方米的气体。因而，灭火时，二氧化碳气体可以排除空气而包围在燃烧物体的表面或分布于较密闭的空间中，降低可燃物周围或防护空间内的氧浓度，产生窒息作用而灭火。另外，二氧化碳从储存容器中喷出时，会由液体迅速汽化成气体，而从周围吸引部分热量，起到冷却的作用。

Carbon dioxide extinguishing agent is a fire extinguishing agent with a history of more than 100 years. It is cheap, easy to obtain and easy to prepare. It is mainly used to extinguish fire under the action of partial suffocation and partial cooling. Carbon dioxide has a higher density, about 1.5 times that of the air. At normal pressure, liquid carbon dioxide vaporizes immediately, and liquid carbon dioxide, typically 1kg, produces about 0.5 cubic meters of gas. Therefore, when the fire, carbon dioxide gas can eliminate the air and surround the surface of the object or the distribution of combustion in a relatively closed space, reducing the fuel around or in the protection room oxygen concentration, produce suffocation and fire. In addition, when carbon dioxide is ejected from the storage vessel, it is rapidly vaporized into a gas by the liquid, which absorbs some of the heat from around and acts as a cooling element.

二氧化碳灭火器主要用于扑救贵重设备、档案资料、仪器仪表、600伏以下电气设备及油类的初起火灾。在使用时，应首先将灭火器提到起火地点，放下灭火器，拔出保险销，一只手握住喇叭筒根部的手柄，另一只手紧握启闭阀的压把。对没有喷射软管的二氧化碳灭火器，应把喇叭筒往上扳70—90度。使用时，不能直接用手抓住喇叭筒外壁或金属连接管，防止手被冻伤。在使用二氧化碳灭火器时，在室外使用的，应选择上风方向喷射；在室内窄小空间使用的，灭火后操作者应迅速离开，以防窒息。

Carbon dioxide fire extinguisher is mainly used for fighting the fire of valuable equipment, archives, instruments and meters, electrical equipment and oil under 600 volts. When in use, bring the extinguisher to the fire place, put down the fire extinguisher, pull out the safety pin, one hand holding the microphone root of the handle, the other hand hold the valve opening and closing pressure. No spray hose carbon dioxide extinguisher, should be put to pull 70 microphones - 90 degrees. When in use, can not directly use the hand to hold the outer surface of the cylinder or the metal connecting pipe, to prevent hand frostbite. In the use of carbon dioxide fire extinguishers, outdoor use, should choose upwind direction spray; in indoor narrow space use, after fire, the operator should leave quickly, in case of suffocation.

二、干粉灭火器的灭火原理和使用方法.

Two. Fire extinguishing principle and operation method of dry powder fire extinguisher

干粉灭火器内充装的是干粉灭火剂。干粉灭火剂是用于灭火的干燥且易于流动的微细粉末，由具有灭火效能的无机盐和少量的添加剂经干燥、粉碎、混合而成微细固体粉末组成。它是一种在消防中得到广泛应用的灭火剂，且主要用于灭火器中。除扑救金属火灾的专用干粉化学灭火剂外，干粉灭火剂一般分为BC干粉灭火剂和ABC干粉两大类。如碳酸氢钠干粉、改性钠盐干粉、钾盐干粉、磷酸二氢铵干粉、磷酸氢二铵干粉、磷酸干粉和氨基干粉灭火剂等。干粉灭火剂主要通过在加压气体作用下喷出的粉雾与火焰接触、混合时发生的物理、化学作用灭火：一是*干粉中的无机盐的挥发性分解物，与燃烧过程中燃料所产生的自由基或活性基团发生化学抑制和副催化作用，使燃烧的链反应中断而灭火；二是*干粉的粉末落在可燃物表面外，发生化学反应，并在高温作用下形成一层玻璃状覆盖层，从而隔绝氧，进而窒息灭火。另外，还有部分稀释氧和冷却作用。

Dry powder extinguisher is filled with dry powder extinguishing agent. Dry powder extinguishing agent is a kind of dry and easy to flow micro powder used for fire extinguishing. It is composed of fine solid powder which is dried, crushed and mixed by inorganic salts and a small amount of additives with extinguishing effect. It is a fire extinguishing agent widely used in fire fighting, and is mainly used in fire extinguishers. In addition to extinguishing the metal fire special dry chemical fire extinguishing agent, dry powder fire extinguishing agent is generally divided into two categories: BC dry powder extinguishing agent and ABC dry powder. Such as sodium bicarbonate dry powder, modified sodium salt powder, potassium salt dry powder, phosphoric acid two ammonium hydrogen dry powder, diammonium phosphate dry powder, phosphoric acid dry powder and amino powder fire extinguishing agent, etc.. Dry powder extinguishing agent mainly through under the action of pressurized gas sprayed powder and mixed flame contact, occurs when the physical and chemical action: one is inorganic salt powder in * volatile decomposition products, and fuel combustion in the process of free radicals or reactive group chemical inhibition and side catalytic effect, the the interruption of the chain reaction of combustion fire; two is the dry powder * falls on the combustible surface, chemical reaction, and the formation of a layer of high temperature glass layer to isolate oxygen, then smothering. There is also partial dilution of oxygen and cooling action.